Thu tha leh rintlak katih ve .

Ka quotations duh ve deuh 10 te kan chhawpchhuak ange,a ziaktu te hming chu dahlang lo mai teng.(a then hi ka irawm chhuak ania, hehe)

1. I hna chu hmunphiattu hna pawh ani thei e, hmunphiattu pawhnila a phiatfaiber nih tum ang che.

2. I thiamna leh finna chu angam sangbertu hnenah hralh pawiti lola,mahse nangmah chu inhralh ngaisuh angche.

3.I tihtum titura hun ihmanrei lutuk chuan tihna hun ineilo ang.

4.Mìhring nuna thiltih sualpalh neingai miahlo chuan thil ati ngailo hrim hrim ani zawk.

5.I hnathawhna leh i thiltihna ah ramhuai tluk zeta ertu cheleh itsiktu ineih hunah "mihlawhtling" inti angche.
6.Zahawmna neiturchuan kum 20 angai a,zahawmna hloh turchuan minite 5 bak angailo.

7.Mihringin adinhmun derthawnga ainhriatna anasat poh leh thil thalo leh sual tih apawisalo thin.

8.Kan hmelmate thiana kansiam hian kan hneh tihna ani .
9.I damchhunga damna chhan thiltha iti theilo anih pawhin thihna chhan thiltha tih tum rawh.

10.Thli thawtna lam lama lenkawi theih mihring inih chuan khama tlakhun ila tawng ngei ang.

ENGE GLOBAL WARMING CHU....??

ENGE GLOBAL WARMING ….?

Kum zabi  21 na kanlo chuangkai ta a khawvel tawphun pawh anitelin kan hnaih tial tial a..!!,khawvel pawh a lum belh zel a,mihring te thiamna a sang tawhin kan mamawh  pawh a pung chho tial tial zel.Global warming in kan khawvel nunphung a tihbuai nasat chakzia chu nang leh kei  hi a hrechiangtu kan ni awm e.

Awle tun tumah chuan chuan enge  global warming chu ?,eng in nge siam ?,enge a effect  ?,eng tia  hmalak chi nge ?,tih te ilo enho dawn the ang u.

 ENGE GLOBAL WARMING CHU..? :-A awlsam zawngin  sawi dawn ila, ahming atang chuan  ” khawvel pumpui lum mek dan”  atih theih mai awm e. Global warming kan sawi dawn chuan a hmasaber ah greenhouse effect kan sawi  angai ang. Greenhouse effect chu  NI atanga nizung lokal (sun ray) kha kan atmosphere ah boruaka tuihu chambang tamtak tekhan anlo hipa chu chuan kan chenna khawvel  hi puan anga tuam in boruak lum  kan siamchhuah leh khawvel a awmte   khawvelpawna chhuaktur kha alo dang ta thin a, chu chuan khawvel a tilum ta thin ani. Greenhouse warming ah hian tuihu  80%  leh abak 20% chu  gas dang te anni.

ENG IN NGE  GLOBAL WARMING CHU THLEN:-Global warming thlentu hi tamtak an awm thei awm e.  A langsar zual te lo tarlan  han tum ta ila.

i)CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) FROM POWER PLANTS:- Khawvela CO2 kansiamchhuah 40% hi power plants electricity siamchhuah na atangin ani a, chumi zinga  90% chu lungalhthei (coal) kan hal atangin ani. Lungalhthei hian energy siamchhuahna ah  25% leh  70% in oil leh natural gas dang ai in carbon a siamchhuak hnem zawk ani. Industry leh company lian te thil siam na a tang hian carbon tam tak a chhuak a, hei hi a contributor liantak pakhat ani awm e.

ii)CARBON DIOXIDE(CO2) FROM AUTOMOBILES:- Khawvel pumpuia CO2 gas kan siamchhuah 1/3 hi  internal combustion engine bus, car, motorcycle, truck leh motorsports atang in ani. Motor sports bikah hian lo en dawn ila, car intlansiak lar tak NASCAR race ah hian kumkhat ah gas 1 million gallons an hmang ral thin ani. kumtin in an hmanral hi a pung telh telh bawk. He mi chauhlo pawh FORMULA I , MOTO GP race leh intihsiakna tamtak ala awm teuh mai. Engzat tak carbon dioxde siamchhuak ang maw..??

iii)AVIATION INDUSTRY:- Khawvel changkang in akentel chu Aviation hi ni. Mitin mai in khawi ah pawh kaldawn ila thlawhna kan chelek vek tawh a. Zirlai leh hnathawk, alian ate in thlawhna a zin kan tum deuh vek tawh a. Europe atanga America tlawhna a vawikhat zin hian kum khat chhunga America a car pakhat carbon siamchhuah aia tam a siamchhuak ani. United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate  Change in a chhut dan chuan  Aviation  hian global warming ah  hian 5% vel  tun dinhmun ah chuan a contribute a, amaherawh chu kum 2050 ah chuan  15% vel kaiichho turah  an ngai.

iv)CARBON DIOXIDE  FROM BUILDING:- Kan building enkawl dan(maintenance), temperature kan control dan, kan building structure kan tihfai dan hian 12% vel carbon dioxide  emission hi a tanpui bawk tih hriat ani.

v)METHANE(CH4):- Carbon Dioxide chauh hi greenhouse gas  siamtu ani lova hemi bakah hian Methane hian tamtak abelh ve bawk ani. Methane hi CO2 ai hian lum siamna ah 20% in atmosphere ah   effective zawk a.  Methane  gas hi biological process hmang in  lei chhunga  awmte  organic bacteria leh sulphur  kan lohalna te leh thil tawih tawh atang tein a insiam thei ani. Buh hmun atang tehian a insiam duh hle bawk. Tun kum 100 kalta chhung khan khawvela  methane insiam hi 145% in a pung tawh ani.

vi)TUIHU(WATER VAPOUR):- Khawvela greenhouse gas siamna a tam ber hi tuihu ani. Tui hu hian  greenhouse gas zawng zawng 2/3 vel hi a awh a, khua alum tak tak chuan humidity pawh alo sang thin a chu chuan heat vapour tamatak a siamchhuak  ta thin ani.

vii)NITROUS OXIDE(N2O):- N2O hi laughing gas tih te pawn kan sawi thin awm e. Colour neilo, alh theilo, rim thlum lam deuh ani. N2O hi medical  field ah  hman ani thin a, leilung atang chuan tuipui leh rainforest atang tein a insiam thei. Mihring siam kan hman lar deuh deuh agricultural fertilizers, nylon, catalytic converters leh nitric acid te an ni. N2O hian kawng tamtak in a contribute ve bawk.

viii)DEFORESTATION:- Lohal leh thing kan kih te hi khawvel tilumtu lianber pakhat ani awm e. NASA survey atanga alan dan chuan deforestation hi CO2 siamchhuahna lianber dawttu ani hial tawh ani. Khawvel ah hian thing kumtin 34 million vel kit ziah anga chhut ani a, chu chuan raiforest 1million  arces vel ati chhe thin bawk. ITALY ram tiat vel hi kumtin kan tichhe thin tihna anih chu..?

ENGE GLOBAL WARMING CHUAN A EFFECT:- Global warming hian khawvel a mihring chengte leh thilnung hrang hrang te ah effect anei nasa hle a. A langsar zual deuh deuh te lo tarlan iIo tum ang .

i)TUIFINRIAT:- Tuifinriat tuichim atisang thei nasa hle a, tin tui acheng rannung tamtak ah harsatna nasatak athlen bawk ani. Khua alo lum chuan tuipuia vurtlangte chu lo tui in tuichim chin an tisanga chu chuan tuilian te siam in khawvel ram tamtak ah thihna leh chhiatna athlen thin ani. Corals (tuia thilnung pahat hnim ang lampang chi) tehi sensitive lutuk leh temperature 1 degree C leka a inthlak pawha thi thei anni a, tunkum kalta mai chhung pawh khan tuipui temperature inthlak avangin coral tamtak an thi ani. Scientist te chuan kum 2030 ah chuan khawvel pumpuia coral the hi 50% chu thi tur ah an ngai.

.Tuifawn dan ah pawh effect anei thui hle a, tuivawt zawkte chu a mawnglam ah awmin equator lampanin an fawna, tui lumzawk te chu  equator hual vel atangin poles lampang hawizawngin an fawn thin bawk a hei hi “thermohaline circulation” tih ani. Hemi hian tuipui mawnglam ah oxygenated water siam in chu chu tuia chengte chuan nunna atan anhmang thin ani. Hemi circulation hi a awmloh chuan tuia cheng tamtak in nunna an chan dawn tih na ani.

ii)NATNA ATHLEN:-Global warming in akentel natna langsar deuh te chu malaria, cholera leh dangue fever tehi anni awm e. Malaria hi khawlum leh humid hmun ah atam lehzual duh a, khua alum vaka humidity a sang hian thosi te tan inthlahchhawnna hunthaber ani a chu chuan natna tamtak mihring ah a thlenna chance a ti sang sawt thin ni. A tlangpui in Winter temperature 16 degree C aia a san chuan malaria thlenna chance a sang bik thin a, mahse scientist tena tun hnai mai a an hmuh dan chuan hemi piahlam ah pawh malaria hi awlsamtaka thleng vek thei tawh ni in an sawi, chu chu global warming effect vang ani. Mithiamte zir chianna ah chuan malaria natna hi ahma ai in 45% to 60% vela kai awlsam a ngaih ani tawh bawk. Dangue fever leh tuihri (cholera) te pawh hemi vang hian awlsam taka kai theih anni bawk.

iii) LEILUNG :- Temperature  tlemte sang avangin vurtawlh (glaciers) leh tuia vurte an tui phah thina chu chuan mihring ah leh thilnungte ah chhiatna tamtak a thlen thin ani. Kumsawm danah temperature hi 3 degree C in sangzel tase kan leilung hian 20% vel CO2 fossil fuels kan hman ral atanga chhuak ang hi a pechhuak tawh dawn ani. 

ENGTIN NGE KAN VEN THEIH ANG:-

Global warming hi a intan tawh chuan vawi lehkhat ah tih tawp ngawt theih ani lova, industry leh company ten hlawk tumin hna an thawk vek a, nitin product hrang hrang an siam chhuak chur chur reng bawk a, hemi hi kan dang ngawt theilova mahse kan carbon siamchhuah erawh chu tih tlem dan  kan ngaihtuah  thei awm e. Thiamna asanzel angin carbon siamchhuak hnem tak tak khawl kan hman thinte thlak tu tur kan mamawh a, mahse awlsamtaka thlak zung zung theih ani lo a, hemi thlaka tihlawhtling tur chuan hun leh tha leh pawisa tamtak kan mamawh ani. Carbon emission sang lutuk tur veng tur hian kawng tamtak in hma alak theih a.  Solar energy, wind energy leh natural energy tam tak kan chhehvela mite hi kan hman tangkai thiam a pawimawh hle awm e.Tin kan inleh avel kan enkawl dan ah pawh systematic deuh leh mithiamte rawnthin ila kan hlawkpui ngei ang.

Mitin te hi  kan khawvel  lumzel tur dona kawng ah hian kan telvek ani tih inhria in kawng khat tala hma kan lak a tul ani. Mizoram tun hma kum 10 kalta leh tun hun boruak in thlak chak dan te kan thlir chuan kan hma kum 10 lo la awm tur chu a rapthlak tawh ngawt ang. Tuna thang thar tehian hma kan lak loh chuah kan zo thlifim leh zotui thiang, ramngaw durpui kan neih tehian thlaler ah minla chan zawh san anga chumi huna kan tu leh fate tena nunkhua hrehawm taka an  hmangtur chu  nang leh kei hian kan phal dawn em ni.??    A pawimawh ber chu mitin te kan tanruala theihtawp kanchhuah theuh angai  ani.

 Kawng  dang hrelo tan pawh Thingphun  leh leilung venhimna kawng ah kan thiam ang tawk tawk in  hma la ila ,mitin inthing pakhat tal phun itum theuh ang u.Kan lo neihdan system tehi  thiamna sangzawk hmangin thlakdan  kan ngaihtuah ahun tawh hle bawk , tin energy save na kawngah inzirtirna atamthei angber buatsaih tum ila, zirlai te leh naupang zawkte bulah inzirtirna tamthei ang ber  nei thei ila  kawn khat tal in hma kansawn ngei ang.

 “LET’S JOIN OUR HAND TO SAVE OUR WORLD”

SOLAR ENERGY MEASUREMENTS

Solar Energy

We have measurement scales for every element. For example, if we have to buy milk, we have measuring scale called liter, if we want to buy sugar, we have measuring scale kilogram. But the question arises that what will be an appropriate measure of a solar panel?

Now we are interested in the amount of electricity a panel produces. However, panels output depends upon the amount of light strike it. Through this method a panel is classified according to the electricity produced under these condition. The measurement is expressed as watts peak (Wp).

In order to get cost per watts peak, we have to divide cost of the panel by its power output. So the cost per watt peak is only one factor in determining the total cost of a photovoltaic system.

 

 

The Process                                                                                                 

Under standardized conditions, the testing of panel is done. There is difference in panel’s production level depending upon the area in which it is installed. If its installed in a cloudy area, it will produce less electricity as compared to an area where the sunlight exposure is more prominent. Similarly, there are other factors which affect the production of electricity and these factors include climate, amount of shade on the panels etc.

Similarly, in order to get a required amount of electricity under given climate and installation situation, helps in determining that how many panels you will need. So in a home, different number of panels would be required as compared to a larger home where the requirement and usage of electricity is more.

The other factors which affect solar energy costs include the expense of panel but it is only 40% of all the costs. Other expenses are mounts, wiring, inverters, batteries and above all the labor cost.

Now, if we talk about the payback time, that in what time the expenses will be recovered, is roughly 10 to 20 years. But it varies depending upon the condition like if the energy costs go up, the payback time will be less. So solar energy costs can be recovered and its a helpful alternative of energy.

mizoram ah wind mill

Mizoramah windmills ?

March 17th, 2010 12:02 am by Teleptuama

Kan thianpa naga in Nagaland district thenkhata windmills an bun dawnthu minhrilh a, ka rilru te te in Mizoram ah te hian a tih chi ve lawng maw aw kalo ti mai mai a. Ramchhung ah p0wer indaihlohna a nasa ropui sia, state dang atanga power kan lei thin na leh kan leiba tamtak chhawktu atan kan hmangthei lawngmaw.?

How does electrical energy generated from wind mill-…..A windmill generates electricity by the use of motion....when wind pushes the blades a shaft rotates inside an alternator which builds up friction which is then regulated to electrical current and can be used in whatever ways are needed depending on the size of the windmill tells you how much electrical current can be produced

mizo zirlaite mamawh career guidance

Mizo thalai tena kan mamawh career guidance.

March 10th, 2010 12:09 am by Teleptuama

Kan nau pakhat chu matric exam ah distinction ah sawn pass in letter pawh subject pali ngawt ah a rawn hmu a. A zirzawm chak lam chu literature ani. Amaherawhchu a pa in science la tura a duh avangin apa thu chu hnial ngamlovin ala ta a. Pawl 12 exam result a lochhuah chuan second division ah arawn inhlangkai ta hram mai.

A chunga thu khi ka rawn thailan tel kher duhna chhan chu ‘ngati nge mizo te hian mi in atha an tih vang ngawta kan tuina ani emaw nilo emaw , kan bawh huk thin, ngatinge mi in a scope a zau an tih vang ngawta kan zir ve ngawt thin ‘ tih hi ani. I thenawm pa vitamin ei ang kha i ngeih ve kherlo .

Kum 3 vel liamta khan kan naute matric exam tur leh science la te inlamah ka zirpui ve thina, enge nih an tum kan zawh changa min chhanna tamber chu ‘ka hrelo,IAS,doctor,engineer’ tih hi ani tawp mai zel(IAS,doctor,engineer te a thalo katihna nilovin).

Mi titi leh zirlai hrang hrang te ka kawm kualna a ka hriat leh hmuhdan chu Mizoram chhung bika zirlai 70% vel khian tum mumal kan nei tlat lo. Rualpawlnana college kal mai mai,class kal mai mai kan tam lutuk . Naupang fel leh tum neirana zir chu chhiar tham lek an nih ka ring.

Khing a chunga kahan sawi lan tak te khi engvang nge ni ta ang ? Zirlai naupang vang ! Kan educational system thatloh vang ! Nu leh pa te vang ! ani thei angem ? A chhan puiber chu kan educational system ah hian naupangte hmalam hun thlirpuina students career guidance hi kan mamawh in ka hria.

Tunhma school kan kal velai kha chuan Mizoram coaching academy(MCA)khan career guidance chu an neive thina ,hlawkpui tak tak kan thiante zingah an awm, keingei pawh ka banglo ve. Mahse khawvel changkanna mila nasa leh zuala kan beih angai in ka hria.

Kan ram ah company lian leh industry lian sawitham kan la nei ve bawk silova, sawrkar hna in min daih seng dawn bawk lo.Kumtin BA , MA, Msc,class 12,10 , Bcom engzat nge pass chhuak kan thlir chuan kawng kan dap ahun ta. Nu leh pa te pawn science a tha tih avanga in zirtir luih kan bansan a hun .Keimahni tuina tak tak leh kan ram leh hnam tihmasawna khawvel hmuha pho chhuaktu nih i tum ang u..

Global warming hi ..??

Hmanhmawh rawh a tlai ang e..

April 16th, 2010 11:00 am by Teleptuama Vawin kan chhuak chu alum lutuk hi hmai hi a thler lo chauh ani.. Khawvel lumchak lutuk hi i vei ve em?Kan vei lo anih chuan kan vei a hun tawh khawp mai…
Scientist techuan tun kum zabi 20 chhungkhan kan khawvel hi 1 degree fahrenheit (-17.2deg C) in alum belh an ti, a lan danah chuan tlem tham tak ni mahse enge a Effect te hi i han en ho teh ang u.
A hmasa ber ah chuan GREENHOUSE GAS-boruak pangngai aia zang, mihring in kan siamchhuah, vansangah atmostphere ah an chambang a, chu chuan heat kan pekchhuah khawvel pawna chhuak tur kha a lo dang a, chu chu leiah rawn reflect let lehin khawvel a ti lum ta thin ani. Chu chu greenhouse effect kan ti thei bawk ang.
He greenhouse gas hi a tihtlemdan emaw kan zawn loh chuan tun atanga kum100 hnuah chuan 5-9% velin apunbelh tawh anga chuchuan kan khawvel nitin nun leh kan hriselna ah harsatna leh natna hlauhawm tak tak a thlen dawn ani.

A dawt leh ahchuan CARB0N DI0XIDE(C02) Power plants- electric siamna atana fossils fuels kan hal atang hianapumpui atanga 40% vel CO2 pe chhuak ang a chhut ani a, chutah chuan 90% chu coal vang ani. Power siamchhuahnana lungalhthei hal hian 25% vel oil leh 70% natural gas aiin CO2 a pechhuak nasa zawk ani.
Kan motor a kan fuel hman leh gasoline kang te hian a pumpuia 1/3 CO2 an pe chhuak bawk a chuang zingah chuan motor sports pawh hian a thlen hnem hle. Motor sports NASCAR hian intlansiak nan ringawt season khatah 1million gallons gas anhmangral thin ani. Formula1, A1 grand prix te chu dah tha mai ang a tam dawn lutuk.
AVIATI0N-United Nation’s Intergovernmental panel on climate change in achhut danin aviation hian a pumpui atanga 5% vel a pe chhuak a, kum 2050 ah chuan 15% vel kai chho tura ngaih ani bawk.
C02 FR0M BUILDINGS..!- scientists te chuan kan building sak leh siamthatna atang hian 12% vel chu CO2 pe chhuak in an chhut.
METHANE(CH4)-Methane hi CO2 aia alet 20 vela effective zawk ania, khawvel a methane kan siamchhuah chu kum 100 kal ta chhung khan 145% in apung ani. Methane hi leilunga thlai tawih tawh te leh buhhmun atangte in a insiamtheia chu chuan fossil fuels alo siam thin ani.
DEFORESTATI0N-NASA in a chhui naah chuan khawvel pumpuia 1/4 gl0bal warming hi deforestation vang ani an ti.. Kumtin 34 million thing kit ziah ang kan ni. Chu mi awmzia chu ITALY ramtiat vel a zau ang ramngaw kumtin tichhe ziah ang kan nih ..
N20-nitrous oxite or laughing gas, medical anesthetic atana kanhmanthin, naturally tuipui leh rainforest atanga insiam hian global warming atanpui bawk.
Sawitur tamtak a awm thei anga, atlangpui mithiamten an zirchianna atangin ka rawn tarlang ani.
A chung a mite ka rawn chhawpchhuah vak nachhan chu kan khawvel hi siamthat a ngai tawh takzet ani tih ka rawn tarlang duh ani.
Chuan ka sawi duh ber chu he khawvel ram hrang hrang in an buaipui he global warming hi keini Mizo te pawhin kan buai pui ahun/angai tawh takzet a, kan ram lum chak lutuk leh sik leh sa inthlak chak lutuk hi kan ngai serious tur ani.
Hma kan lak loh chuan tun atanga kum 50 a ral hun tur han dawn chhin teh, khawvel lum dan tur zia chu…!! Nang leh kei hian he mi dona kawngah mitin te inhrilh hria in kawng khat talin ke kan pen ve thei tih inhria in misual te pawh ka sawm duh che u ani…
Mitin in thing 1 theuh phun thei ila chuan aziaawm ngei ka ring!! Phun theuh i tum ang u.
Sawitur a tam lutuk.., engtin nge less carbon vehicle kan siam ang? Thlawhna fuel hmang hian (chemical dang nena pawlh in)boruakah engtinge 03 gas kan siamchhuah ang? Solar energy, wind energy etc te industry, company leh mimal inahte engtinge kan hman tangkai ang, kan lo neih dan te engtinge thlak ila hlawk thlak a, tangkai ang?

AVIATIO IS ONE OF THE MOST CONTRIBUTOR OF GLOBAL WARMING....???

Is aviation a major contributor to global warming? Is it the fastest growing source of greenhouse gas emissions?
Hyperbole characterizes the debate on aviation and climate change. Who to believe? Politicians? Environmental activists? Airlines? Scientists?
So let's look at the facts. And let's take them from the world's most authoritative body on this issue, the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
The IPCC estimates that aviation today is responsible for 2 percent of global CO2 emissions with a total climate change impact of 3 percent. These figures have remained largely unchanged over the last two decades, despite the growth of air traffic.
Projecting forward to 2050, the IPCC has aviation at 3 percent of global CO2 emissions and 5-6 percent of climate change impact. We are and will remain a small part of the big problem of climate change.
Nonetheless, aviation's carbon footprint is growing, and that is politically unacceptable for any industry. The challenge is to keep the many benefits of aviation - unprecedented global mobility that supports 32 million jobs and $3.5 billion worth of economic activity - while eliminating its negative impacts.
The solution is not to return to the days when flying was reserved for the well-to-do by making it artificially expensive with even more taxes. Punitive economic measures like emissions trading will not have a big impact on aviation's environmental performance.
With 28 percent of costs coming directly from fuel, the airline industry has the strongest incentive of any industry to keep fuel consumption low. Positive measures - tax credits to encourage faster re-fleeting or grants to fund alternative fuel research - would deliver better results.
Unilateral European proposals to include aviation into its emissions trading scheme have put economic measures at the center of a political debate, partially fueled by the approaching Kyoto deadlines. But regional initiatives are no way to solve a worldwide issue.
A meeting currently taking place in Montreal is our best opportunity for a global solution. Government leaders responsible for civil aviation are meeting at the Triennial Assembly of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Environment tops their agenda.
If emissions trading is going to be imposed on airlines, we must make sure it is effective. The ICAO needs to work towards a global emissions trading scheme that states could implement on a mutual consent basis. This is what the drafters of Kyoto had always envisaged.
But the industry is pushing governments for much loftier goals. In June, I proposed a vision for the industry to aim for carbon-neutral growth in the medium-term and to develop zero-carbon emissions technology within 50 years.
Since then, I have met with aircraft manufacturers, engine makers, fuel-suppliers and airlines. Nobody has all the answers, but no one said our goal was impossible.
On the contrary, it is absolutely achievable. Remember, this is the industry that went from the Wright Brothers to the jet age in just five decades.

The critical question is: How do we turn the vision into reality?
The first part of the answer is efficiency. It is the best way to take us to carbon neutral growth. Airlines are investing billions of dollars in new, more fuel-efficient aircraft. In the last four decades, fuel efficiency increased 70 percent and will improve a further 25 percent by 2020. Better air traffic control, including straightening air routes, and more efficient operations can reduce fuel burn by 18 percent.
Unfortunately, politics often gets in the way of good common sense. Uniting Europe's skies offers the biggest single opportunity to improve aviation's environmental performance. But after 15 years of talks, a Single European Sky is still just an idea. This political failure results in 12 million tons of unnecessary carbon emissions each year.
The second part of our vision is technology. It is the only way to zero emissions. Quite simply we need to build better planes and more efficient engines powered by non-carbon sources. Some potential building blocks already exist - solar power, hydrogen cells and biofuel.

The world's airlines - IATA's 240 members - are committed to the vision. Manufacturers are aligned. All are working hard. It is now time for governments to come on board. Through ICAO, governments must set challenging but realistic targets in two important areas. First we need targets to improve air traffic management and eliminate unnecessary fuel burn. Then we need technology targets in a roadmap.
This will provide regulatory certainty to back major investment decisions by manufacturers and airlines. So, please, less hyperbole and more concrete actions.

                                                               Giovanni Bisignani is director general and chief executive of the International Air Transport Association.